Recuperator



I W/TIVESSES.

A. B CHANTRAJNE. RECUPERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 18. 1914.

PatentedJune 1, 1920.

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stares RECUPERATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

t med June 1, 1920.

Application filed August 18, 1914. Serial No. 857,323.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALrHoNsn BAUDOUIN CHANTRAINE, a subject of the King of Belgium, residing at 26 Rue de lAnge, Marcinelle, Belgium, mining engineer, have invented new and useful Improvements in Recuperators, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in recuperators of the kind in which hollow air ducts or tubes arranged end to end and in layers are heated by the products of combustion of a fire or furnace.

As hitherto constructed such recuperators have been provided with union slabs or distance pieces covering the butt joints between two sections of duct or tube and supporting the ends of two ducts or tubes of the layer above. These slabs served'the purpose of dividing the heating fluid into streams and for preventing the egress of air from the hollow ducts or tubes to mix with the heating fluid or vice versa.

For continuous working recuperators it is desirable to avoid as many joints as possible because such joints whether horizontal vertical or inclined frequently open and permit the heating fluid to mix with the fluid to be heated 2'. 6. air for instance. The joints which always open are the vertical ones whereas the horizontal and inclined joints generally remain closed on account of the weight of the superimposed parts.

According to this invention the union slabs or distance pieces hitherto used are dispensed with and consequently the number of joints considerably diminished.

This invention comprises the arrangement in a recuperator of horizontal or inclined layers of hollow ware grooved eX- ternally all around and forming passages for the heating fluid and passages for the fluid to be heated and arranged so that the vertical and inclined joints are staggered. Further features reside in the forms and combinations of parts which will be hereinafter described with reference to the drawings in which:-

Figure 1 is a vertical cross section, partly in elevation, of a recuperator.

Fig. 2 is an isometric View of a hollow brick.

Fig. 3 is a view of a finishing brick.

Fi 4 is a fragmentary section taken on line 'B of Fig. 1 embodying one arrangement of the brick shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary section taken on' line C-D of Fig. 1 but showing the brick of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is an isometric view of a brick without a central supporting rib.

Fig. 7 is a view of a finishing brick for'* use with that shown in Fig. 6, and Flg. 8 1s a fragmentary sectlon similar to the showing in Fig. 5 and embodying another arrangement of the brick shown in Fig. 6.

Referring to the drawings 1 indicates the base of a recuperator and 2 the upper part in which the air is heated. The part 2 contains a series of diagonally arranged ducts or hollow bricks 3 of refractory material. The nest of hollow bricks is supported by the base 1 and by arches 4.- Communication is established between the recuperator and the fine 5 through openings n 6 between adjacent arches.

One' formation of he hollow brick is shown in Fig. 2 in which 7 indicates the hollow body portion, 8 and?) enlargements at each end, 10 the bore and 11 a central enlargement. The arrangements of the enlarged parts 8, 9 and 11 form a brick which is externally grooved. 1

In assembling the recuperator'the bricks in the lowest layer are supported by pyramidal shaped grooved finishing bricks 12 and successive layers of hollow bricks are retained against lateral displacement by similarly shaped bricks. The bricks 12 in the top layer are inverted and support the covering slabs 13 in which interstices or openings 14 are formed.

On reference to Fig. 5 it will be seen that the two end enlargements 8 and 9 of adjacentbricks in the same row rest upon the central enlargement 11 of the brick in the row below. With this disposition of the bricks the joints in the recuperator are interrupted and moreover there is only one joint as compared with two or three more which exist when separate slabs or hollow rectangles are used in place of the enlargements 8, 9 and 11.

When the parts are assembled as shown in Fig. 1 the grooves in the bricks form zig zag ducts 15 through which the hot gases form a furnace flue 16 through the openings 14 and their path is indicated by simple headed arrows.

The air to be heated enters the lower layer of bricks and traverses the bores 10 alternately in opposite directions until it reaches the outlet at the top of the recuperator. For this purpose the bores communicate at each end with chambers 10 formed in the brickwork of the recuperator and provided with partitions or baffles 10 to direct,the flow of air in alternate directions.

Instead of passing air through the bores 10 and burnt gases through the ducts the air may be passed through the ducts and the burnt gases through the bores.

The central enlargement 11 of the brick shown in Fig. 2 is not essential but is advantageous both in the process of manufacture and in use. In manufacture this enlargement serves as a mechanical support during drying and baking and prevents warping or distortion of the brick. In use the enlargement is advantageous on account of the additional supporting surface which it affords in situations where the recuperator is subjected to excessive vibrations for instance in the vicinity of hammering machines.

The brick shown in Fig. 6 is only provided with an enlargement at each end. The enlargement 18 is longer than the enlargement 19 so that when the bricks are assembled as shown in Fig. 8 the joints are interrupted and not continuous. The finishing bricks for use with the brick of Fig. 6 is also groovedbut slightly modified.

With the arrangements above described the vertical joints in the horizontal layers of bricks may be alternated or staggered. Similarly the joints inthe inclined layers of bricks may be alternated or staggered.

The walls of the bricks are equally cooled by the current of gases to be heated and the omission of the central enlargement presents an increased heating surface.

What I claim is I 1. As an article of manufacture a hollow refractory brick supported on all sides by spaced peripheral enlargements integral therewith.

2. As an article of manufacture, a hollow refractory brick supported on all sides by spaced peripheral enlargements integral with the ends thereof said enlargements being of unequal length.

3. As an article of manufacture, a hollow refractory brick supported on all sides by spaced peripheral enlargements integral with the ends thereof and a peripheral integral enlargement intermediatesaid ends.

411. In a recuperator the combination of a plurality of hollow refractory bricks supported on all sides by spaced peripheral enlargements integral therewith.

5. In a recuperator the combination of a plurality of hollow refractory bricks sup ported on all sides by spaced peripheral enlargements integral with the ends thereof.

6. In a recuperator the combination of a plurality of hollow refractory bricks sup-- ported on all sides by spaced peripheral enlargements of unequal length integral with the ends thereof.

7. In a recuperator the combination of a plurality of hollow refractory bricks supported on all sides by spaced peripheral en largements integral therewith and surrounded by a plurality of pyramidal bricks .having integral enlargements registering with those on said hollow bricks.

Signed at Brussels this first day of August, .1914.

ALPHON SE BAUDOUIN CHAN'lRAINE. 

